Friday 12 April 2013

William Fradd 1744


William Fradd was born about 1744 in Little Petherick, Cornwall, England.  He married Ann Ball (nee Clemoes) on the 18th of March in 1765, also in Little Petherick, Cornwall, England. 

John Ball died in February 1763 at just 48 years of age. His wife Ann, shortly after, gave birth to Jonathan Ball in about August 1763. With six children to support (two had died in childhood) Ann, not surprisingly, remarried a year later:
William and Ann had two children. William, who was born in 1871, and Elizabeth who was born in 1767.

The Village of Little Petherick

 Little Petherick is cradled in a tight bowl-shaped and picturesque valley situated between two major habitat types - the tidal waters of Petherick Creek an inlet of the River Camel between Padstow and St. Issey and the farmland of the interior.

The focus of the settlement is on the west bank of the creek around the church. In the centre of the village a narrow stone bridge carries the busy Padstow – Wadebridge road across the creek. The present bridge dates from 1830.
 
 

The old Cornish name 'Nansfonteyn' meant 'the spring in the valley', but from the 14th century the village has been known as Little Petherick. 'Petherick' is derived from Petroc, the Celtic saint to whom the church is dedicated. 'Little' distinguishes it from the larger earlier monastic foundation at nearby Padstow.

Today this small village is part of St. Issey parish. Apart from the church, there is a village hall and a hotel. A parking area for public use is provided behind the village hall. In summer this is well used by visitors walking along part of the historic Saints Way route between Padstow and St. Issey.

Historical Context

The history of Little Petherick mirrors that of other settlements around the Camel Estuary such as Chapel Amble and St. Kew. From Padstow, a landing point, for Irish and Welsh Celtic Christian missionaries, the surrounding area was colonised. Little Petherick was developed as a subsidiary settlement by the Welsh missionary St. Petroc who arrived in the early 6th century and \vas active in the neighbourhood for about 30 years. The elevated position of the church of St. Petroc Minor is typical of many in the area [e.g. St. Tudy, St. Teath and St. Kew) and is indicative of the site's original function as a preaching point and place of religious assembly.

The choice of site is probably related to the historic limit of navigation on Petherick Creek. Some of the wharves and quays where goods such as lime and grain were loaded are still clearly visible on the west side of the creek. There are also old quarries nearby. Immediately upstream was the lowest convenient bridging point on creek for t h e old pack-horse route between Padstow and London. Following the extension of the North Cornwall Railway in 1889 barge and horse traffic gradually ceased.

Little Petherick is also situated on a historic route now known as the Saints Way. This was used in early mediaeval times by pilgrims travelling to Santiago de Compostela in Northern Spain. Pilgrims set out from South Wales and the Bristol area, disembarked at Padstow, went overland to Lostwithiel from where they sailed for Brittany. They then journeyed through France and Spain to Santiago de Compostela in Galicia.

The surrounding countryside back in the 1700s was made up of many small farmlets. There was a small scale copper mine at Creddis in Little Petherick which employed about 40 men and another called Legossick in the adjoining parish of St Issey.
William Fradd's occupation was that of an agricultural labourer; and so was his son William.
They didn’t own the land that they farmed but rented it from well-to-do yeomen.

It was common back then to name your first borne son after your own name. There are 17 Williams identified in the Fradd family tree so far.
Over the centuries, some families used the following naming pattern:

The first son was named after the father's father,
The second son after the mother's father,
The third son after the father,
The fourth son after the father's eldest brother.


The first daughter after the mother's mother,
The second daughter after the father's mother,
The third daughter after the mother,
The fourth daughter after the mother's eldest sister.
Others named children after people who had been influential in their lives. Not everyone adhered to the above patterns, especially if some family relationships were "strained".

Biblical names such as Saint Augustine were also popular for some time, (William Augustine Fradd – born 2008) as were those of famous heroes such as Napoleon, Nelson and Kitchener (Colin Kitchener Fradd – born 1917); so named after the British Field Marshall who played a central role in the early part of the First World War.
When infant mortality rates were high; if a child died, the next child born in the family (of the same sex) was often given the same name. These apparent duplications are very common.

Elizabeth Fradd – born 1832 and Elizabeth Ann Fradd – born 1838 occurred in the same family. When the use of second (middle) names became more common (sometimes due to the increasing population and the necessity to distinguish between individuals) the maiden name of the mother was often used. Therefore, a name such as Harvey Pearson Fradd – born 1826 gives a very good clue to the mother's maiden name.
It also became popular for unmarried mothers to use the father's surname as the second name of the child.  Because of the various Poor Law Acts passed over the centuries, parishes were loath to take responsibility for any 'illegitimate' children (understandable when some women produced such children year after year!), and mothers were encouraged to disclose the name of the father, so he could be charged for support. Alternatively, when old enough, the child might have been apprenticed to someone else in the parish.

William died on the 13th of April 1792 in Little Petherick Cornwall whilst Anne died in 1791 at Ballaminers farm nearby, eight months later. William epitaph reads:

Here lies the body of William Frad of this parish
Who departed this life the13th of April 1792 aged 75 years
Near this place lies the body of Ann wife of the above named

W Frad who departed this life the 19 day of Nov 1791

William Fradd has one ‘D’ inscribed on his headstone and is buried in a quaint little churchyard in Little Petherick, Cornwall. Ann is probably buried nearby with her first husband.
 

The Headstone Of William Frad - Little Petherick Churchyard, Cornwall, England.



 

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